Tracking Retirements in the House


Dozens of members of Congress have announced plans to leave their seats in the House of Representatives, setting a rapid pace for congressional departures, with more expected as the 2024 election draws closer. Given Republicans’ razor-thin House majority, the wave of exits has the potential to lead to a significant shake-up next year.

Pace of retirement announcements compared with past cycles

Through Dec. 14, 2023

Includes those who have announced that they are retiring and not running for re-election in November 2024. Seats that are expected to be filled before November 2024 are not counted. Retirements for past years are those that resulted in an open seat in the general election.

Some lawmakers are leaving after serving in Congress for decades, while a number of others have come more recently. Many in both categories have cited frustration saying rancor and dysfunction have gripped the institution in recent years.

Few of the departures that have been announced so far are expected to alter the balance of power in the closely divided House, where a vast majority of seats are gerrymandered to be safe for one of the two political parties. But unseating an incumbent is much more challenging than winning an open seat, giving both Republicans and Democrats some opportunities to pick up seats.

The seat previously occupied by former Representative George Santos, Republican of New York, who was expelled in November, is is the Democrats’ best chance at flipping a district in their push to reclaim control of the House. Republicans see the departure of Representative Elissa Slotkin, Democrat of Michigan, who is leaving her seat to run for the Senate, as one of their biggest chances to claim a Democratic seat and increase their odds of keeping a majority in November.

This table shows the district boundaries that will be used in 2024. Because the lines have been redrawn since the 2020 election, the vote margins shown here may be different than the margins in that district in 2020.

22 Democratic retirements announced

Races rated by Cook Political Report as competitive

House member Announced 2020 Pres. Vote
Dec. 14, 2023 +17 Trump
Dec. 7, 2023 +16 Trump
Nov. 24, 2023 +21 Biden
Nov. 20, 2023 +51 Biden
Nov. 20, 2023 +53 Biden
Nov. 16, 2023 +2 Biden
Nov. 13, 2023 +7 Biden
Nov. 9, 2023 +17 Biden
Oct. 30, 2023 +47 Biden
Oct. 26, 2023 +16 Trump
Oct. 26, 2023 +26 Biden
Sept. 23, 2023 +14 Biden
Sept. 18, 2023 +18 Biden
July 8, 2023 +31 Biden
June 21, 2023 +19 Biden
May 4, 2023 +10 Biden
May 3, 2023 +33 Biden
Feb. 27, 2023 +1 Biden
Feb. 21, 2023 +81 Biden
Jan. 26, 2023 +46 Biden
Jan. 23, 2023 +51 Biden
Jan. 10, 2023 +11 Biden

3 members departing but expected to be replaced before general election

House member Effective 2020 Pres. Vote
Feb. 2, 2024 +23 Biden
June 1, 2023 +29 Biden
Nov. 28, 2022 +36 Biden

11 Republican retirements announced

House member Announced 2020 Pres. Vote
Dec. 14, 2023 +30 Trump
Dec. 5, 2023 +16 Trump
Nov. 13, 2023 +19 Trump
Nov. 9, 2023 +45 Trump
Nov. 1, 2023 +19 Trump
Oct. 31, 2023 +18 Trump
Oct. 17, 2023 +14 Trump
Aug. 3, 2023 +18 Trump
Feb. 3, 2023 +16 Trump
Jan. 17, 2023 +30 Trump
Nov. 15, 2022 +37 Trump

4 members departing but expected to be replaced before general election

House member Effective 2020 Pres. Vote
End of 2023 +25 Trump
Dec. 1, 2023 +8 Biden
March 15, 2024 +29 Trump
Sept. 15, 2023 +17 Trump

The tables include those who have announced that they are retiring and not running for re-election in November 2024. Those who have resigned or who are expected to leave office before November 2024 and be replaced are shown at the bottom. The 2020 presidential vote margin is for the district area that is set to be used in the 2024 election, which may be different from the district that the representative won in 2022.



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