She warned that even if voting is peaceful – and she worries it won’t be – some candidates will put themselves in a position to destroy the system from within.
“Things have gotten worse because of this monitoring, this intimidation. The seed has been planted since 2020 and it’s gotten worse,” she said. “And the threats to election officials are getting worse.”
Troye, a lifelong Republican, quit the White House in August 2020 over the administration’s handling of the coronavirus pandemic. She endorsed Biden in the 2020 presidential election.
“We have an entire anti-democracy operation happening before our very eyes,” Troye said. “There has been an ongoing effort focused on changing the rules of elections, and changing the referees who oversee elections, so that they can change the results and overrule the will of the people. All of this is correlated to the long term effect of the lies they’ve been told by the political leaders they embrace. We saw what it led to on Jan. 6th, and that sentiment hasn’t dissipated.”
In Arizona, despite the recent judge’s order, Maricopa County Sheriff Paul Penzone said his deputies were prepared to intervene swiftly if they see any evidence of intimidation or violence.
“We’re staffing and preparing for a worst-case scenario. We’re not going to tolerate anything,” Penzone told USA TODAY. “We want to make it abundantly clear that there’s zero tolerance for anyone whose intentions are to interfere with, undermine or adversely affect the electoral process.”
Penzone said he recognizes most observers are doing nothing more than exercising their constitutional rights to gather or bear arms, and promised deputies would respect and protect those rights.
But Penzone, a Democrat who defeated the Trump-aligned Joe Arpaio in 2016, said he’d draw a hard line at anything intended to be intimidating.
“It’s not partisan. It’s not emotional. It’s not subjective,” he said.
The Department of Justice is working with U.S. attorneys and specially trained FBI agents at 56 field offices to handle Election Day complaints about election fraud and voter intimidation, a standard practice.
Those DOJ teams will be stationed around the country while the polls are open. People who need to report voter intimidation should first call 911 for their local law enforcement agency, and then contact the Justice Department, officials said in a news release. And concerns about voting-related civil rights violations should be directed to the DOJ’s Civil Rights Division.
In New York state, where Democrats have held the governor’s mansion since 2006, but where this year’s race has become unexpectedly close, sheriffs statewide are prepared if needed. In addition to providing security at polling places, sheriffs in New York can be ordered to impound and secure ballots during disputes.
“We’re standing by,” said Peter Kehoe, executive director of the New York Sheriffs Association. “Hopefully all goes smoothly in New York. And if it doesn’t, we’ll be ready.”
Election workers trained and prepared
Even in states where intimidation and violence haven’t yet been major factors this election cycle, the mood surrounding elections is much more tense than it was just a few years ago, election experts say.
State and local voting officials, mediation experts and peacekeepers are focusing on de-escalation training, increased security and rapid-response measures – strategies added in just the past few years out of a sense of preparation and precaution.
“Some of the longtime clerks tell me that 10 or 20 years ago, they were greeted on Election Day with pies and hugs,” Maine Secretary of State Shenna Bellows told USA TODAY. “They tell me that it’s a very different environment sometimes now.”
Rising political tensions parallel the increases in election misinformation and outright falsehoods, especially those that followed former President Donald Trump’s false claims of a stolen 2020 presidential election and the violent insurrection at the U.S. Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021.
“I think the biggest trend that we are seeing is the epidemic of misinformation, disinformation and mal-information, when people believe lies about the 2020 election or think (it) was stolen,” Bellows said. “That, as we saw at the events of Jan. 6th, can motivate some individuals to take violent action.”
After two threats against local elections clerks in Maine – one online and one in-person – the state Legislature passed bipartisan legislation last year making threats against elections officials a crime to be investigated by the state attorney general. The legislature also instituted de-escalation training for local election clerks overseen by Bellows’ office and security assessments for polling places and municipal offices conducted in concert with the national Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, Bellows said.
Election peacemakers
A group of faith leaders and social workers, operating as part of the religious political group Faith in Public Life, began responding to polling-place conflicts in 2021. The group, which uses de-escalation strategies to try to defuse potential clashes, began its election work in 2020 and is ready to respond in 2022, said the Rev. Dan Clark, Ohio director for Faith in Public Life.
“A lot of times, an election peacekeeper won’t necessarily square up with the intimidator and try to solve whatever problem they’re creating,” he said. “Instead, an election peacekeeper often shows up in solidarity with the voters and brings that calming presence so that they can stay in line confidently and vote.”
Clark warns against overstating the severity of the problem. His group’s peacekeepers responded to just five polling-place conflicts in the 22 Ohio counties that the group covered during the 2020 campaign – all on Election Day and the weekend preceding it.
It hasn’t been called in yet this year during early voting.
But the mood at voting sites has changed in recent years, raising the prospects for potential intimidation and violence, Clark said. And ominously, in the aftermath of the Jan. 6 insurrection and other instances of political violence, this year’s peacekeeper training included a new element, lessons in how to respond to an active-shooter situation, he said.
Conflict resolution and de-escalation skills traditionally focused on confrontation and violence in high-pressure situations like contested divorces and workplace rage are now being tailored to the increasingly stressful world of elections.
For four decades, the Mediation Center, a nonprofit serving Savannah, Georgia, and the surrounding area, has offered mediation and conflict-resolution services to government agencies and other groups, often dealing with workplace and domestic conflicts that can become violent. Only this year did it start getting deeply involved in training election workers, at the request of government workers, said Dan Rowe, the Mediation Center’s senior manager of community programs.
Training consists of lessons on situational awareness; finding ways to use language to avoid increasing agitation; and planning ahead for different conflict situations to avoid making mistakes under the pressure of a threatening situation, Rowe said.
Even if not all the training and security is needed now, it can help de-escalation experts and election workers get ready for the future.
“2022 isn’t the last election that ever gets held,” Rowe said. “We’ve got races coming up in 2023. We’ve got the big one in 2024. I don’t want to say ‘prepare for the worst,’ because that sounds very pessimistic. But ‘be prepared’ is the goal.”
Rowe doesn’t expect polling-place peace to be achieved by 2024, either. “I haven’t heard any indicators that the temperature is going down,” he said.