U.S. Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito has issued a five-day hold on restricting approval of the abortion drug mifepristone, following a federal court ruling in Amarillo a week ago that was to go into effect Friday at midnight.
Alito’s administrative stay gives the full court time to consider the case on Wednesday and is not an indication as to how the full court will ultimately decide the matter. Until then, mifepristone, a drug approved by the federal Food and Drug Administration more than 20 years ago, will remain available.
What you need to know about mifepristone
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What is the current legal status of mifepristone in the United States?
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Are medication abortions legal in Texas?
Texas’ laws do not criminalize the person who has an abortion. Some Texans have found ways to get abortions by traveling to other states or Mexico, or self-managing abortions at home by getting medications through international nonprofits, such as Aid Access, or online stores.
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Where are medication abortions legal?
To learn more about abortion options and requirements outside of Texas, contact an abortion clinic or provider in states where it is still legal.
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Are mifepristone and misoprostol safe?
Misoprostol, which is also used to treat stomach ulcers, can also be used to terminate a pregnancy by itself when taken in higher doses or with other medications. This can be less effective than when it is taken with mifepristone but has also been shown to be safe in studies in other countries.
The move by the high court stems from a court ruling a week ago from U.S. District Judge Matthew Kacsmaryk, an appointee of former President Donald Trump who has been active in the anti-abortion movement. Kacsmaryk found that the FDA had improperly approved mifepristone in 2000. His ruling, which was set to go into effect late Friday night, essentially revoked the drug’s approval.
Mifepristone, used alongside misoprostol, accounts for the majority of abortions in the United States. Numerous studies have found it to be safe and effective, with few adverse incidents, but it’s emerged as a focal point for anti-abortion organizers who see easy access to the medication as a workaround to state-level abortion bans.
Alliance Defending Freedom senior counsel Erin Hawley, who represents the plaintiffs challenging mifepristone’s use, said Alito’s administrative stay is standard operating procedure.
“We look forward to explaining why the FDA has not met its heavy burden to pause the parts of the district court’s decision that restore the critical safeguards for women and girls that were unlawfully removed by the FDA,” she said.
On Wednesday night, the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals granted a partial stay of that order, saying the drug could remain approved, but reinstated some previous restrictions. Under the 5th Circuit’s order, mifepristone would be approved only for use up to seven weeks of pregnancy and would require three in-person doctor’s visits to get the medication.
The Department of Justice, which is representing the FDA, asked the U.S. Supreme Court to override the appeals court and stay Kacsmaryk’s entire order. Alito’s stay will expire once the court makes a decision next week.
“We can expect that the court will have something to say on Wednesday,” said Greer Donley, associate professor at the University of Pittsburgh School of Law.
This case from a Texas-based federal district court is the first major abortion case to reach the Supreme Court since last summer’s overturning of Roe v. Wade, the 1973 decision that legalized abortion.
“The Justice Department strongly disagrees with the Fifth Circuit’s decision in Alliance for Hippocratic Medicine v. FDA to deny in part our request for a stay pending appeal,” U.S. Attorney General Merrick Garland said in a statement. “We will be seeking emergency relief from the Supreme Court to defend the FDA’s scientific judgment and protect Americans’ access to safe and effective reproductive care.”
In its ruling overturning Roe v. Wade last summer, the high court’s conservative majority indicated it intended to get out of the business of regulating abortion and instead restore that power to the states. But less than a year later, it is once again being asked to weigh in.
Although this case originated in Texas, its outcome will not change the legal status of abortion in the Lone Star State. All abortions are and remain illegal except to save the life of the pregnant patient. The case could impact Texans who seek abortion care out of state, though, or those who rely on the medication for miscarriage management or treatment of certain autoimmune disorders.
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